What Is Healthy Aging?

The term “healthy aging” has become a popular term, but what does this truly mean? We may each have our own definitions of this based on what is most important to us as we age and there may be significant variation across countries and cultures. While many would identify maintaining independence and preserving physical and cognitive function as what they would hope for in older age, studies surveying older adults have also identified psychosocial factors as being important. These have included social engagement, a positive attitude, self-awareness, and spirituality. Therefore, in promoting “healthy aging,” we need to consider each individual’s goals and preferences. 

Geriatric healthcare professionals have developed a framework to optimize the health of older adults called the Geriatric 5Ms. The 5M elements are:

• Medications - minimizing the use of medications when appropriate, monitoring for adverse effects, assessing patient medication preferences

• Mind - evaluation of cognitive function and mood, assessing for factors that may contribute to impaired cognitive function and mood changes

• Multicomplexity - assessing multiple conditions while taking into account an individual’s function and environment

• Mobility - evaluation of mobility, promoting mobility and function, fall prevention

• What Matters Most - assessment of individual goals and preferences for care

Utilizing these as a foundation for care allows us to take a holistic approach in identifying factors that can be addressed to promote healthy aging across a spectrum of individuals, including those with chronic conditions and disabilities. 

Reflect on what matters most to you as you age and include these priorities in conversations with your healthcare team as well as family members and friends. Ongoing discussions about your values and goals can help support your own path to healthy aging.